Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) therapy is based on the science of learning and behavior. It is the only evidence-based treatment for ASD and focuses on improving meaningful and socially significant behaviors.
ABA therapy applies the understanding of how behavior works to real life situations. By studying the principles of behavior, including antecedents and consequences as well as motivating operations, we gain a better understanding of the function that behaviors serve. Once we are aware of the function, we can then take necessary steps to teach a more appropriate behavior to serve that same function. For example, teaching a child to ask for more time versus screaming when they are instructed to pick up. These behavioral principles have been studied and applied for decades and are supported by a large pool of evidence-based research. They have helped many individuals acquire new skills and behaviors, from teaching children (neurotypical or not) to adults working for a paycheck. The field of ABA is versatile, and its principles apply to any living, breathing organism.
Here at Cusps, our BCBA’s identify goals to be targeted that are individualized for each learner. These goals include language and communication skills, improved attention and focus, social skills, cognition, self-management, and school readiness. Our therapists implement these goals from behavioral treatment plans with close supervision from case managers. The goal of treatment is to prepare learners for less restrictive environments, which can look different for each individual. In order for meaningful learning to occur, we must first decrease behaviors that are harmful or prohibit effective learning. These behaviors often include tantrums, aggression, self-stimulatory and self-injurious behavior. Once we target these barriers to progress, the next step is to teach and maintain alternative replacement behaviors through positive reinforcement. When a behavior is followed by something that is valued (a reinforcer), a person is more likely to repeat that behavior. Over time, this leads to meaningful behavior change.